Multiculturalism In Australia Essay And Its Features Multiculturalism is the policy aimed at preserving and development of cultural diversity in a certain country and in the whole world. Multiculturalism is considered an opposition to the notion “melting pot” which is based on the fusion of cultural peculiarities of different countries Australia is the second most multicultural nation in the world, as the Census carried out by the Australian Bureau of Statistics revealed that 49 per cent of Australians were been born overseas, or one or both parents had been born overseas. There is no single culture or ethnic group that dominates, which means the Australian population consists of minorities, and as a The most common form of multiculturalism is whereby a citizen of a certain country is born overseas, or of the parents of the individual is born overseas. English speaking countries have a lot of multiculturalism in them. Just like the United Kingdom, Australia has adopted multiculturalism as a national identity. My essay explores how Australia appreciates and
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The concept of multiculturalism does not have a straight forward definition because it depends on the context of its usage. Again, it is not easy to have a universally acceptable definition because there are more people putting in their contributions about this concept, therefore leading to numerous definitions of the same. For example, multiculturalism in the United States of America is used in both social and political contexts. It is used to show that the differences that exist among people on the basis of their cultural orientation, gender, ethnic or racial backgrounds and other diverse opinions, should not be a source of multiculturalism in australia essay but should be viewed as a source of strength for that particular group Higley, Nieuwenhuysen, and Neerup, Basically, multiculturalism in australia essay advocates for treatment of all people with respect and dignity because this is what leads to the massive growth and development of a nation.
This paper shall address this concept in details using the example of Australia as well as identify how it has changed before, during and after the Howard government. In Australia, multiculturalism in australia essay, the view of this concept is not very different from that of the USA. This is because multiculturalism is viewed in both the social and multiculturalism in australia essay contexts and is seen as a tool that should help in the development of the country other than in its destruction. This term deals with the diversity that exists in the modern day society. According to Lylethis diversity comes multiculturalism in australia essay because of the differences in cultural and ethnic orientations, among other factors.
This definition is especially true for the modern day Australia, whose policy is that it is a multicultural society and this is not going to change. To further enhance multiculturalism, the government of Australia has put forth measures to it intends to act on in response to the diversity that is present in the country as a result of multiculturalism. This country, that is part of the other countries in the commonwealth, multiculturalism in australia essay, has pointed out several dimensions that the policies that deal with multiculturalism should take. The first dimension is one that deals with the cultural orientation of the people.
The Australian government clearly stipulates that each of its citizens have the right to express themselves culturally in the different ways that culture can and is expressed but within the limits prescribed by the law. Consequently, the Australians are free to express their culture through language and religious affiliation without any interference. The other tenet of multiculturalism as stipulated by the multiculturalism in australia essay is the social justice for all the citizens, multiculturalism in australia essay. Every person is en titled to fair treatment regardless of their class, religious background, political affiliation, gender and ethnic background, among other barriers of fair treatment.
The last dimension of this concept as viewed by the government is the economic dimension. This tenet gives every Australian citizen a right to be recruited or employed anywhere in the country where they can use their skills and knowledge. Consequently, multiculturalism in australia essay, the people with Aboriginal background, the Anglo-Celtic group of citizens and those who do not speak English but are citizens of Australia receive the same treatment from the government Bell, multiculturalism in australia essay, Even though the Australians enjoy the rights expressed in the National Agenda, there are also several limitations to these rights.
First, the rights of Australians concerning multiculturalism are founded on the assumption that every Australian citizen is committed and is also working towards the realization of the common goal of the nation. They should also be committed to those things that are geared towards unifying the country. The policies also call for Australians approval of the basic structures and the overarching principles governing the country. Respect for and obedience to the constitution and other laws that govern the country, showing tolerance and fair treatment to everyone regardless of the things they possess that bring about diversity and freedom to express oneself are some of the ways that the citizens can express their approval of the laws of the land.
The use the national language, in the case of Australia, English, multiculturalism in australia essay, and fair treatment of people of both sexes is also a way of showing acceptance of the basic principles of the country. Finally, for one to enjoy their rights of expression of their culture they have to recognize that there are others who have a different cultural orientation and they too have the same right. This therefore, calls for tolerance and acceptance of others culture without acting in a manner that will offend the other party Bell, In summary, these policies that have been formulated to address the concept of multiculturalism in Australia are designed to help in making Australia a better place for its citizens with social justice and economic efficiency as its overarching principles, multiculturalism in australia essay.
This meant that any immigrant settling in Australia had to forsake their culture and adopt that of the natives multiculturalism in australia essay Australia Elder, One of the factors that led to the change of policy from the idea of assimilation to that cultural pluralism and later multiculturalism is the World War 2 and its effects. This made people start doubting the positivity of the White Australia Policy, which encouraged racism, and was being practiced then Lopez, That was an external factor. Internally, there were several groups which advocated for an end of the policies which encouraged racism. These groups included the church and other human rights groups. Their first achievement in this campaign came when dictation test for those who wanted to migrate to Australia was dropped.
The non-Europeans who wanted to migrate to Australia were also allowed to undertake the skilled migrant program. The groups emphasized that everyone had the right to live in Australia and practice their culture, religion and speak their language without any barriers Jones, Jerzy Zubrzycki was one of the members of the academic movements challenging some of the policies that were used by the government of Australia Theophanous, Here, they were able to implement their ideas. Inthe White Australia Policy was completely dropped, with the government opting to choose the immigrants on the basis of their qualifications Birrell, The racial discrimination act was also formulated inmulticulturalism in australia essay, during the tenure of Malcolm Fraser as the opposition immigration spokesman.
Multiculturalism was embraced by many people and continued to be practiced throughout the country. Collins states that around the same time, the concept was fully adopted by many and there were programs that had been established to help the immigrants and also the lobby groups with financial and any other kind of assistance that they required. Establishment of multicultural radio stations was also a step to show the success of multiculturalism. John Howard led the Australian government between and During his tenure, he did not show a lot of support for multiculturalism, instead he even criticized it. As a result, the support this concept received from the government decreased and conversely, the idea of assimilation received massive support Das, This however does not mean that the government abolished multiculturalism completely.
National Multicultural Advisory Council NMAC was established inmulticulturalism in australia essay support from the government even though every other policy that was formed after this did not regard the multiculturalism in australia essay of multiculturalism, multiculturalism in australia essay. Instead, Australian values were emphasized. To further show his lack of support towards multiculturalism, only a single statement on multicultural policy was given out. This happened in and the statement was supposed to serve its purpose until This was a long period of silence on such a crucial matter of national importance Greg, Another thing that showed his contempt towards multiculturalism was his reluctance use the term in official speeches that he made.
Das further says that Howard encouraged the immigrant to integrate into the native Australian society which is largely white Anglo-Saxon. Howard says that failure to do this, the national values that show patriotism and nationalism would be down trodden. This is a view that was shared by another vocal critic of multiculturalism, Blainey, According to Blaineyacceptance of the concept of multiculturalism would have devastating effects on the government. This would lead to failure because of concentrating on the rights of the few immigrants at the expense of the majority of the population who are the natives.
The national identity also ceased to be referred to as multiculturalism Slade, and Mollering, Inbefore he left office, Howard made remarks disregarding multiculturalism. He is quoted to have said that the Australian natives should not multiculturalism in australia essay made to multiculturalism in australia essay because of their identity; instead, they should be proud and push for it to remain. He explained his point further by saying that the concept of multiculturalism is different from that of multiracialism and the two should never be confused Modood, To elaborate this, Howard said that multiracialism simply meant the acceptance of the core values upheld by the natives of a country by the immigrants who settle in that particular country, multiculturalism in australia essay.
He asserted that he is comfortable with the practice of multiracialism but not multiculturalism. He said that he believed in this because of the positive effect that is got when people from different societies come together Castles, and Miller, This concern is fueled by the danger of terrorism attacks that is being experienced by people all over the world. There was also a concern about how best to bring about social cohesion in the country that is characterized by cultural diversity. During the Labor Government ofunder the leadership of Kevin Rudd, the concept of multiculturalism received much support Markus, Jupp, and McDonald, His support is signified by his decision to have the Parliamentary Secretary for Multicultural Affairs and Settlement Services and also the National Multicultural Advisory Council established.
One of the mandates of the latter was to provide the government with the useful advice on ways of improving social cohesion and also eliminating racism and other vices attached to this due to diversity that existed in the country Jupp, This move was aimed at creating an environment of tolerance to all people despite their differences. Diversity was supposed to be treated as strength for the country and not a weakness. This committee gave some multiculturalism in australia essay to the government which included: making sure that every citizen had access to essential services rendered by the government to its citizens. Again, the government was supposed to address the issue of discrimination together with other vices such as prejudice with a lot of seriousness.
The government was also advised to create opportunities where the people of Australia would put in their contribution in projects that are beneficial to the community as a whole. The overriding advice was that the government needed to do all it could to ensure justice was upheld in all its institutions and the people in Australia lived in a community that had social cohesion without some people feeling left out. These recommendations were received positively by Chris Evans, who was the minister of immigration then. The Gillard multiculturalism in australia essay, which came into power inhas not been an ardent supporter of multiculturalism and this led to the government removing the term from the title of the immigration department of the country.
This has attracted a lot of criticism from many people including the Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils. Currently, every Australian state has established laws which govern the people on multiculturalism. The modes of operation of the bodies that enact these laws are different because each one has its own laws and mandates. For example, the policy dealing with multiculturalism in New South Wales is enacted by the Community Relations Commission for a multicultural NSW while that doing the same in Victoria is called the Victorian Multicultural Commission VMC.
The issue of multiculturalism remains to a contentious one in Australia. One of the ways which has helped in promoting understanding of this concept among the people is dialogue with the people. However, multiculturalism in australia essay is still not clear how multiculturalism can be used to bring about a positive impact in a community with a lot of diversity. Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs. Multiculturalism for all Australians—our developing nationhood. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service:. Birrell, R. Sydney Fontana. Castles, S.
The age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Mistaken Identity, Multiculturalism and the Demise of Nationalism in Australia. Sydney: Pluto Press. Immigration: a committee to Australia. Canberra: AGPS.
Multiculturalism and its affects of Indigenous Australian Culture
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Multiculturalism In Australia Words | 6 Pages. Multiculturalism is one of Australia’s most recognizable features around the world. The history of Australia is a changing and complex history of immigration, which supports the economic Multiculturalism In Australia Essay And Its Features Multiculturalism is the policy aimed at preserving and development of cultural diversity in a certain country and in the whole world. Multiculturalism is considered an opposition to the notion “melting pot” which is based on the fusion of cultural peculiarities of different countries The most common form of multiculturalism is whereby a citizen of a certain country is born overseas, or of the parents of the individual is born overseas. English speaking countries have a lot of multiculturalism in them. Just like the United Kingdom, Australia has adopted multiculturalism as a national identity. My essay explores how Australia appreciates and
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